Award up to two marks for an outline of the Authoritarian Personality as an explanation for obedience to authority. authoritarian personality', Political Psychology, vol. Adorno et al. . These types of people can be dominant or authoritarian with the people around them. Very rigid in their opinions and beliefs. Being an Effective Classroom Manager Mavict De Leon. Those people with an Alpha personality are usually characterized by being confident, strong, high self-esteem and decision-making power. This personality will give the person a deep respect for authority and so they will be very . Brief overview ofthe methodology used to assess authoritarian personality presented. A look at polyphasic sleep patterns - naps throughout the day - and their impact on performance. The Authoritarian Personality This theory suggests that prejudice is associated with a particular personality type. Briefly outline and evaluate authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. . Each style takes a different approach to raising children and can be identified by a number of different characteristics. Outline and evaluate studies into the impact of stress on the immune system. Outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation for obedience. Pages 3. Provides leaders with the ability to dictate work methods and processes. An Authoritarian Character Is normally A fabulous Disposition Type. In typically the fast post-World Battle II many, antifascism's a lot of detailed, intersectional study with that politics ideal arrived via your exceptionally important succeed within the . Altemeyer reported in 1988 that participants with an authoritarian personality type were more likely to give themselves higher voltage shocks when asked to . Situational factors affecting obedience levels Match the situation to its definition People obey more if the individual giving orders has greater . Even when compared to extreme nationalistic ideologies like Marxism and anarchism, fascism is typically considered to be at the far-right end of the political spectrum. Essay - Outline and evaluate milgrams research into obedience 16 marks 5. Freud (1923) saw the personality structured into three parts (i.e., tripartite), the id, ego, and superego (also known as the psyche), all developing at different stages in our lives. Early theories assumed that personality was expressed in people's physical appearance. What the spec says: The working memory model: central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad and episodic buffer. Other implicit theories base attributions on, for example, behaviour. Terminology is either absent or inappropriately used. £ 8.97 £ 3.49 6x sold 3 items 1. Apart from personality type, outline one explanation for defiance for authority (2). An interesting counter æ argument suggesting that The leader will normally have the last word in the decision-making processes. The Social Identity Theory, formulated by Tajfel in 1978, argues that discrimination between groups can be created by the mere knowledge of another group's existance, without the presence of competition or threat. Outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority Adorno concluded that people with an authoritarian personality have a tendency to be especially obedient to authority. Researchers have identified four types of parenting styles: 1 . Allows little or no input from group members. The answer as a whole is not clearly expressed. These reasons included being less knowledgeable‚ less confident‚ non-assertive‚ authoritarian views and a lack of friendship networks. (1950) developed a questionnaire called the California F scale, to measure levels of authoritarian personality. Research support from Milgram and Elms used effectively to begin the evaluative commentary. An objection to Agency Theory . Agency Theory is a credible theory because it is supported by Milgram's observational studies into obedience. The Authoritarian Personality Type According to Adorno's theory, the elements of the Authoritarian personality type are: Blind allegiance to conventional beliefs about right and wrong Respect for submission to acknowledged authority Belief in aggression toward those who do not subscribe to conventional thinking, or who are different al. into the authoritarian personality from the offset. This fact challanges the authoritarian personality theory. Verywell / Joshua Seong. Immy's Shop. Uninvolved. The answer as a whole is not clearly expressed. Subject: Psychology. As for personality factors there is the AUTHORITARIAN PERSONALITY. Sleep Psychology. A 8-mark "evaluate" question awards 4 marks for AO1 (Describe) and 4 marks for AO3 (Evaluate). Leaders using the authoritarian leadership style often make decisions on . . Features of the model: coding and capacity. (12 Marks) The dispositional explanations for obedience are as follows, the authoritarian personality, in which a person is more likely to obey those in authority and dismiss of those who are considered inferior in a hierarchy. A key study that has looked into research is one carried out by Milgrams in 1963. Milgram was sceptical of this, believing that obedience was owed more to the situation than to the national character of a particular nation. They are very concerned with status and upholding convention; they are very conformist; they tend to be very obsequious towards people they see as Different theories believe that personality is build on different factors such as the genetic, environmental factors, learning factors, parental factors and developmental factors. 2. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. Abstract The theory of an authoritarian personality was an influential though controversial mid-twentieth-century theory to explain the mass appeal of fascism and ethnocentrism. AO2 Award up to two marks for discussion which may be for two brief points or a single point that is elaborated. . 26, no. Outline and Evaluate Research Into Obedience. Adolf HITLER …the epitome of an authoritarian Personality….. <br />He was born in 1889 by Alois & Klara . Some of the primary characteristics of autocratic leadership include: 1. Outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority (8 marks) . According to the authoritarian personality theory, people with an authoritarian personality tended to be: Hostile toward people of inferior status but obedient to people with higher statuses. Billig (1978) referred to the work of Adorno et al as 'the single most important contribution to the psychology of fascism' and as 'a major landmark in the history of psychology.' (no rating) 0 reviews. Personality Type Test. AO1= Description of authoritarian personality AO3 = balanced argument for and against, evaluation points include: response bias, external factors, real world application . One particular characteristic is the authoritarian personality, which has been associated with higher levels of obedience. Requires leaders to make almost all of the decisions. implicit personality theory. they would be more able to evaluate information independently, recognise inconsistencies, and be more swayed by the content of the . According to this explanation, obedience happens because of a person's personality- certain personality types can lead to a person becoming more, or less, obedient. The Sniper is described physically by having the face "of a student. Start studying Outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality explanation of obedience. There is a need to have order. There is a preference for complete extroversion or complete introversion. Specification: Explanations for obedience: agentic state and legitimacy of authority, and situational variables affecting obedience including proximity, location and uniform, as investigated by Milgram. Terminology is either absent or inappropriately used. AO1= Description of authoritarian personality AO3 = balanced argument for and against, evaluation points include: response bias, external factors, real world application . Things are good or bad and anyone who adopts the same perspectives, values and opinions is on the right track. The environmental factor acknowledges that personality is influences by social environment. Classroom management Are Pi. When the readers read the "face of a student," we immediately think of a young, youth-like, and a not aged with years face. O'Flaherty also described the Sniper having a gaunt face that shows self-discipline, which is something we would more likely see in a more adult . Blind loyalty to certain values, customs and ideals. Participative leadership styles are rooted in democratic theory. Essay - Describe and evaluate asch research into conformity 16 marks 4. . Don't forget to add a conclusion so that you can get into the top band (7-8 marks). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 1 1 - 2 Outline of the authoritarian personality lacks clarity and / or detail and / or link to obedience. Explore Personality. 722 394. 2 3-4 The authoritarian personality explanation of obedience is outlined in some detail. To outline & evaluate Elms & Milgram's research into authoritarian personality and apply their findings to obedience. 6 37. P - the authoritarian personality explanation is limited E - millions of people in Germany displayed obedient and anti-Semitic behaviour - but they didn't have the same personality E - it seems unlikely that all Germans processed an authoritarian personality L - an alternative explanation is more realistic -social identity theory. Políticas económicas del estado . Outline and critically evaluate social psychological theories on the causes of prejudice and discrimination, such as the personality flaw theory, learning theory and the political and economic theory. 3 Pages. . Discuss ethical issues that have arisen in social influence research (10). These individuals have conventional views and have strict adherence to social values. €€€€ Briefly discuss the Authoritarian Personality as an explanation for obedience to authority. One early approach, developed by the German physician Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) and known as phrenology, was based on the idea that we could measure personality by assessing the patterns of bumps on people's skulls (Figure 11.1 "Phrenology").In the Victorian age, phrenology was taken seriously . Essay - Outline and evaluate one or more explanations of obedience 16 mark essay (psychology . (a) €€€€Outline one advantage of conducting obedience research outside a laboratory setting. It reduces the time needed to make decisions. Outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority (8 marks) . 1 1 - 2 Outline of the authoritarian personality lacks clarity and / or detail and / or link to obedience. Obedience is when an individual responds to an order from an authority figure. Adorno interviewed former Nazi soldiers at the end of World War II, and developed the 'F-Scale' (F standing for 'fascist'), which measured how authoritarian a person is. 275-97. . The aim of the experiment was investigate whether ordinary people will obey a legitimate authority figure even when required to injure an . However, anyone who with a difference of opinion is a potential enemy. Open Document. Leaves group feeling like they aren't trusted with decisions or important tasks. This review has been informed by numerous conversations, meetings and work by my colleagues at the Centre for the Study of Group Processes, who have Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. There is a need to have power. libraries.) Introduction . Abstract This article presents the history of the "authoritarian personality trait", from the moment it was "revealed/coined" to its modern use as well as the main studies designed to measure it. Outline and Evaluate Research Into the Effects of Day Care . Permissive. The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality. Discuss the authoritarian personality as an explanation for obedience. - Usually the parenting uses conformist/conventional attitudes towards sex, race and gender. Outline and evaluate RESEARCH into obedience. Authoritative. Essay - Outline and evaluate research into minority influence. When the authoritarian leadership style is brought into the situation, then the direction provided by the leader can produce results. 2, pp. One early approach, developed by the German physician Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828) and known as phrenology, was based on the idea that we could measure personality by assessing the patterns of bumps on people's skulls (Figure 12.1, "Phrenology"). personality. Political Psychology Predicts Trump's Behaviour 8th February 2017 Free Revision Crosswords for Social Psychology 9th March 2017 Authoritarian. (1950) and refers to a person who has extreme respect for authority and is more likely to be obedient to those who hold power over them. Authoritarian personality 16 mark essay writing frame. For example, a person In the 1940s, a University of California study on anti-Semitism and other forms of prejudice created a profile of a particular personality type—the authoritarian personality—believed to be associated with prejudice. Likely points: measurement of authoritarianism relies on self-report (F-scale) data An Alternative Theory for Obedience Dispositional Factors. Show more 4 reviews However, Authoritarian Personality has been criticised for political bias because there is blind obedience in Stalin's Communist regime as well as . 1 1-2 There is limited/partial outline of the authoritarian personality explanation of obedience. . In a stereotype this attribution is based on a physical external property, such as skin colour. 3-4 . Get Help With Your Essay 02 Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. 06 Identify two factors that affect impression formation (2). Aim- to find out whether ordinary people ( not just German soldiers) would obey legitimate authority even when required to injure another person. OUTLINE AND EVALUATE THE WMM A01 The WMM proposed by Baddeley and Hitch shows that there are different components (slave systems) that make up STM. . Key features of the Authoritarian personality include the respect for submission towards acknowledged authority, the need for a strong leader with uncompromising power, and have a rigid black and white world view which resists creativity. Nap for Performance? 39 82. It found that the authoritarian personality had a positive self-concept, rigid cognitive style, favoured law . A 8-mark "evaluate" question awards 4 marks for describing factors (AO1) and 4 marks for AO3 (Evaluate). Alpha Personality Type. [4 marks] Marks for this question: AO1 = 2 and AO3 = 2 . Terminology is either absent or inappropriately used. The answer may lack coherence. (zimbardos s. 3. Persons fitting this profile are . ( marks) Dispositional explanations for obedience focus on internal (personality) characteristics within humans that contribute to obedience. They have extreme respect for authority. Top Time Wasters at Work Todd Ringleman. Evaluation is limited. Conventional; they defend traditional values. Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. 2. (1950) suggested that some individuals may be more prejudiced, conformist and obedient personalities as a consequence of parenting styles. Cohen et al investigated general life stress and the impact it had on vulnerability to the common cold. (Out of impress nonetheless to choose from by several internet vendors. Some evaluation relevant to . _____ _____ (Total 4 marks) 34 € Outline the procedures and findings of Zimbardo's research into conformity to social roles. . Evaluation is limited. Adorno et al argued from the outset that the authoritarian personality was a predisposition, likely to manifest itself only in certain soci-economic conditions. 2. There are impulses acted upon based on acceptance or rejection. Outline and evaluate research into conformity (12 marks) Discuss conformity to social roles (12 marks) Discuss . (16 marks) 2. The authoritarian personality Adorno et al. One particular explanation focuses on the authoritarian personality which was proposed by Adorno. An Alternative Theory for Obedience BATs • Evaluate the Situational theory of Obedience - C+ • Outline the Dispositional Theory of Obedience - D+ • Compare the 2 theories - B+. Key findings related directly to the question ofexplaining obedience. Various theories have been proposed to explain the causes and dynamics of prejudice. Outline of the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority is clear and has some detail. Adorno et al (1950) claimed that it was the authoritarian personality that was responsible for the persecution of the Jews in Nazi Germany. Key Traits Of The Authoritarian Personality Type. A personality type consisting of traits whereby individuals are obedient to those of a higher status. People who have an authoritarian personality and have outward prejudice tend to exhibit four specific character traits. 3. Authoritarian people categorize the world with the simplicity and rigidity of a 5-year-old child. 08 Briefly discuss the Authoritarian Personality as an explanation of prejudice (4). Submitted By JayselDC. Such theories attribute internal properties to a person, such as character traits, on the basis of external properties. Full 2 hour lessons and lesson plans provided for Psychology topics Please feel free to contact me about my resources. According to Alder personality is influenced by our position in the family . Words 603. We then focus on the effects of social conformity and obedience have on people who score . Rapid Eye Movement And The Stages Of Your Sleep Cycle. People who scored highly were . The essence is to involve team members in the decision making process. Outline and evaluate research into conformity (12 marks) Discuss conformity to social roles (12 marks) Discuss . outline alternative approaches which have sought to explain 'authoritarian' behaviour. Characteristics. Likely explanations: the authoritarian personality - a collection of traits/dispositions; developed from strict/rigid parenting; conformist/conventional/dogmatic; obedient/servile towards people perceived as having higher status/harsh towards people perceived as having lower status; reference to F-scale as a way of measuring personality type. METHOD: The researchers developed a personality questionnaire known as the F-scale; which measured a personality trait known as authoritarianism (Characterized by or favoring absolute obedience to authority, as against individual freedom) 100's of U.S.A participants, from all walks of life, completed F-scales. [16 marks]. Resource type: Worksheet/Activity. 18 1. . 1 1 - 2 Outline of the authoritarian personality lacks clarity and / or detail and / or link to obedience. Adorno concluded that this personality is developed during childhood as a result of strict . Evaluation is limited. Team members thus feel included, engaged and motivated to contribute. Describe and evaluate explanations of conformity (16 marks). (4 MARKS) AO1 CONTENT: (2 MARKS) - The authoritarian personality is a collection of traits/dispositions developed from strict/rigid parenting. Essay - Describe and evaluate research into conformity to social roles 16 marks. The authoritarian personality has faced a lot of criticism on the levels of methodology and theory as well. For example, in Elms and Milgram's study, we cannot say that having an authoritarian personality caused higher obedience because there may have been another unaccounted for variable, or variables, that were responsible for both . These features can be a result of extremely strict parenting during childhood. Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. Level Marks Description 2 . 1. Some psychological research compared the personality characteristics and independent behaviour of those who conformed‚ with the characteristics of those who did not conform.In 1955‚ Crutchfield found that people conform for a number of reasons. 3. 1. The answer is generally coherent with effective use of terminology. They are people who present their own moral values and limits, trying to impose them on others. For example, in Elms and Milgram's study, we cannot say that having an authoritarian personality caused higher obedience because there may have been another unaccounted for variable, or variables, that were responsible for both . Briefly outline and evaluate the authoritarian personality as an explanation of obedience to authority. Participative Leadership. Early theories assumed that personality was expressed in people's physical appearance. Describe and evaluate explanations of conformity (16 marks). (AO1) In these studies, participants obeyed an authority figure by giving electric shocks to a learner. Authoritarian personalities have a number of characteristics. Psychology Teacher. Rarely employed since the end of World War II in 1945, fascism is a form of government combining the most extreme aspects of both totalitarianism and authoritarianism. The clearest influence of psychoanalytic theory, the authoritarian personality theory (Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson, and Sanford) proposed that rigid, punitive, status-conscious child-rearing practices reinforce unquestioning, duty-bound, hierarchical-oriented obedience. The central executive gathers and processes all the information before it's . This creates solid deadlines, task assignments, and higher levels of quality control. Milgram. Psychologists have examined dispositional (internal) factors that also contribute to obedience. In the Victorian age, phrenology was taken seriously . (4) 26 (b) €€€€Apart from personality type, outline one psychological explanation for defiance of authority. Authoritarianism can therefore be defined as a set of beliefs organised around the normative expectation that the purely personal needs, inclinations and values of group members should be subordinated as completely as possible to the cohesion of the group and its requirements" (as cited in Augoustinos et al, 2006). These are systems, not parts of the brain, or in any way physical. 620 Words. Describe and evaluate the biological approach to explaining ocd misshanks. Essay - Describe and evaluate milgram's research into obedience 16 mark essay (psychology -. Essay - Discuss the authoritarian personality as an explanation for obedience 16 mark essay (. Research evidence The F scale tested authoritarianism. The authoritarian personality was first identified by Adorno et al. 1. 2. There has also been criticism . The answer as a whole is not clearly expressed. _____ _____ (b) €€€€Outline one limitation of conducting obedience research outside a laboratory setting. . In this volume, authors John P. Kirscht and Ronald C. Dillehay have provided a much-needed review of this growing subject, summarizing and . 4. The concept of authoritarianism, first defined in The Authoritarian Personality published in 1950, has since been treated in a bewildering array of studies that have explored both its narrow psychological meaning and its broader social implications. Decent Essays. Age range: 16+. Adorno argued that people with an authoritarian personality tend to be extremely obedient; This type of peorson has extereme respect for .