william the crusader'' sinclairhetch hetchy dam pros and cons

William Sinclair (1410-1484) held the titles of Ist Earl of Caithness (1455-1476), 3 rd Earl of Orkney (1455-1470), Baron of Roslin in 1070, and was grandson of Scottish explorer; Henry Sinclair the 1 st Earl of Orkney. William Sinclair (born 1881) 1898 marriage William Smith Sinclair & Mary Yuile Duncan (Word) . William Sinclair (1230 - 1297) is my 24th great grandfather Annabel Sinclair (1269 - 1304) daughter of William Sinclair Michael Wemyss (1295 - 1342) . He accompanied Edgar Atheling, brother of Scotland's Queen Margaret, on the First Crusade in 1095 and took part in the siege of Antioch in 1098. view all . William de Ferrers, 3rd Earl of Derby - 1190 3 rd Crusade. This was the beginning of the Sinclair involvement with the Crusades and the Knights Templar.The Knights Templar were welcomed to Scotland by Robert The Bruce after the Order had been suppressed by the Pope. William Sinclair was born in 1971, the only son of the Hon. William Sinclair (1028-1090) son of Walderne also fought at Hastings. Sir Valdonias de Sanct-Claro ; Later Sinclairs. This was the beginning of the Sinclair involvement with the Crusades and the Knights Templar. After a childhood in Norfolk, he followed his father and grandfather to Eton, where he was from the start a gregarious figure, popular with the other boys, and - during the holidays - even more popular with the . Henry Sinclair's maternal grandfather had been deprived of much of his lands (the earldom of Strathearn being completely lost to the King of Scots). William was granted Rosslyn "in life-rent" by the King in 1057. U.S. President [B, HARRISON] 's 22-Great Uncle. William Sinclair, brother of Sir Henry of Roslin: Made Bishop of Dunkeld: Scots Peerage (Paul) 1314: 23-Jun: Bannockburn: Bruce defeats Edward I of England. The Sinclair connection. Sir Henry 7th Baron of Rosslyn, Commander of Knights Templar at Bannockburn Sinclair 1255-1335. William Sinclair (1410-1480), 1st Earl of Caithness (1455-1476), last Earl (Jarl) of Orkney (1434-1470 de facto, -1472 de jure ), 2nd Lord Sinclair and 11th Baron of Roslin was a Norwegian and Scottish nobleman and the builder of Rosslyn Chapel, in Midlothian. This argument is supported by the fact that most of the crusader army returned to Europe rather . William Sinclair of Roslin AKA William Sinclair 1st Earl of Caithness (1455-1476), 3rd Earl of Orkney (1455-1470), Baron of Roslin and Pentland AKA St. Clair. Sinclair held the title Earl of Orkney (which refers to Norreyjar rather than just the islands of Orkney) and was Lord High Admiral of Scotland under the King of Norway. William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke 1146 - 1219 Crusades of 1184-6. . 5 The Sinclairs adopted the Gaelic title "Earls of Rosslyn," after the name of the town, around 1100 C.E. 1: From The Middle Ages To The Enlightenment|John Herman Randall, Writing Experience, 2e|Carol Schoen, The Poetry Of Pugs And French Bulldogs|Tammy Denton, MasterLife: Developing A Rich Personal Relationship With The Master|Sherrie Willis Brown, Historic Hotels And . When the attack came, Malcolm reinforced the Sinclair forces with those commanded by the Earls of March and Monteith. Diana J Muir. Sinclair, of Scottish and Viking lineage, was a true adventurer . King Robert and Sir William were in the area tracking a rare white stag. Scottish forces led by Sir William Sinclair attacked lands in northern England. William Sinclair (1028-1090), a son of Walderne, also fought at Hastings. [3] She was a daughter of Maol sa, Earl of Orkney. My greatest grandad was involved in the first three crusades and was Knights Templar. Deceased (AUG. 25, 1330) - Killed at the Battle of Teba, Malaga, Andalucia, Spain. [3] The St Clair, later Sinclair, Earls of Rosslyn or Roslin have also been connected to Templarism in Scotland, but Mark Oxbrow and Ian Robertson in their recent book, 'Rosslyn and the Grail',[4] note that the St Clair of Rosslyn testified . Robert de Roos (Magna Charta Surety) - 1227 Unknown. Sir William Sinclair set out with Sir James Douglas and others on a trip to the Holy Lands carrying the heart of Robert the Bruce. Spouses. William Sinclair, the 1st Earl of Caithness, 3rd Earl of Orkney and Baron of Roslin, was the builder in 1456 of the world famous enigmatic Rosslyn Chapel, formally known as The Collegiate Chapel of St. Matthew, a Scottish Episcopal Church, originally Roman Catholic, which was featured in Dan Brown's best-selling novel, The DaVinci Code and the 2006 film adaptation starring Tom Hanks. HM George I's First Cousin 13x removed, Male. 8,000 Scots faced an English army 30,000 strong and the dying embers of Scottish patriotism burst into vibrant flame when John Comyn, a guardian of Scotland, routed the English at the Battle of Roslin. He served as the first director of the New York Zoological Park, known today as the Bronx Zoo , and he was a pioneer in the early wildlife conservation movement in the United States. Lithuanian Crusade: William Sinclair, Baron of Rosslyn and father of Prince Henry Sinclair dies in Lithuania crusading with the Teutonic Knights: 1364: Thomas St Clair, son of William Sinclair of Roslin who was killed at Teba: Ballivus in Orkney for the King of Norway: Scots Peerage (Paul) . William was succeeded by Henri de St Clair, who took part in the First Crusade and the Fall of Jerusalem in 1096. Mortain b. ca. William de St. Clair died in 1330, in Spain during the Crusades, by the Moors in Andalusia. Poss. PM Churchill's 26-Great Uncle. William the Just, known later in his life as the Nemesis, was originally the benevolent boy-king of a realm in northern Nosgoth during the history preceding Blood Omen. The Prince and the Grail: Directed by Robert Hutt. BOUND BROOK, N.J., Nov. 25--Upton Sinclair, who crusaded against the nation's social and economic ills in 90 books, died in his sleep tonight at the Somerset Valley Nursing Home. and remained hidden for ninety years only to be produced in 1099 during the First Crusade. He was married on May 28, 1344 in Orkney, Orkney Islands, Scotland to Isabella Margaret Stewart Of /Scotland/ Isabel /De Strathearn/ Isabel of Strathearn) GRAHAM av strathearn of orkney, they had 9 . From The Crusades To The New World (Red Wheel/Weiser, 2004 ISBN 1-57863-317-6). *William "the Crusader" Sinclair Lord of Rosslyn died 25 August 1330 Andalusia, Spain mother: unknown siblings: unknown spouse: . He died as a young father in 1110 in Midlothian, Scotland, at the age of 21. THE QUEST FOR JERUSALEM 1070-1312. The Crusades: A Very Brief History, 1095-1500. . They had seven children in 132 years. He donated land in Normandy in 1135, confirmed later by his brother Hamo in 1139. They are an ancient Scottish family that includes Henry, the first earl, who fought alongside the first Grand Master of the Templars, Hugh de Payens (or Payns) in the Holy Land in the early 12th century. He was buried on month day 1358, at burial place. I need the most reliable or correct lineage from Prince Henry St. Clair/Sinclair 1345-1400-04, wife Jean Halyburton. So, we have an early association between this family and the order of knights. *William "the Crusader" Sinclair Lord of Rosslyn died 25 August 1330 Andalusia, Spain father: *Henry Sinclair Lord of Roslin born before 1290 died before 28 January 1335/36 mother: *Alice Fenton died after 1336 (end of information). *Margaret St. Clair (Sinclair) born about 1336 Scotland died Scotland Henry Sinclair 1st Earl (Prince) of Orkney born about 1335 Rosslin, Midlothian, Scotland died 1404 Battle of Orkney biographical and/or . It remained in Christian hands until the Battle of Hattin in 1187, when the Moslem leader Saladin captured the relic. Last Modified 9 Apr 2001 Created 3 Oct 2012 using Reunion for Macintosh 1240 833, and died 1297 in Tower of London. William had 11 siblings: John Sinclair, James St. Clair and 9 other siblings. He is buried on August 25, 1330. Download Download PDF. HM George I's 19-Great Uncle. Ancestors and Descendants of Prince Henry Sinclair 1345 - 1404, 2018. He first married Margaret Douglas, daughter of Archibald, 4th Earl of Douglas and 1st Duke of Touraine, and widow of the Earl of Buchan. The Life of Alice De. Henry Sinclair was the son and heir of William Sinclair, Lord of Roslin, and his wife Isabella (Isobel) of Strathearn. In the summer of 2014, thanks to the diligent work of Craig Sinclair who identified a 2nd person independently claiming descent of the Lords Sinclair of the Herdmanston family, we tested and confirmed this 2nd Herdmanston matches the first precisely on 37 of 37 markers. The Infortunate by William Moraley followed the journey of a man, William Moraley, as he traveled to the colonies and then eventually back to England. William's son, Henry the Crusader, was born at Rosyln about 1060. He died on August 25, 1330 in Teba, Malaga, Andalucia, Spain. HRE Charles VI's 19-Great Uncle. (1st Lord Of Rosslyn William Sinclair was born about 1028 in St. 1234 Died: 1297 Tower of London. Discover its popularity and find your ancestors. . Dorothy (Dorothea) married 1st Lord Of Rosslyn William SINCLAIR. Founded in 2017, King's Hill Gin is the first spirit from The . Indeed, Upton Sinclair was a man who challenged conventional masculinity. Quick detour on the Sinclair family then. He was 90 years old. Sir William St. Clair, the third and last Earl of Orkney, founded the Collegiate Church of St. Matthew in 1446, but only the Choir was completed before he died in 1484. Profession: Earl of Rosslyn, Knight, nobleman., "the Crusader". Alicia de Fenton 1260-1336. PUBLISHED . . CHARITY AND HOSPITALITY IN MILITARY ORDERS. William Sinclair was the Grand Master to whom a great and ancient lineage is attributed. A short summary of this paper. William 'the Seemly' St Clair had been given the task of defending the border against the possibility of an English attack. He was born about 1283 in Rosslyn Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. Richard I "the Fearless had a son Malger/Mauger, Ct. of Corbeil &. He had at least 2 sons with Alice De Fenton. Parents. William Sinclair become the Earl of Caithness by grant. William Sinclair, 6th Lord of Rosslyn, b. ABT 1230 in Rosslyn Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, m. ABT 1230 in Rosslyn Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, m. Agnes of Dunbar, d. 1297 in London, England, cause of death was as a prisoner in the Tower of London siblings: unknown spouse: unknown children: *William Sinclair (St. Clair) Lord of Rosslyn born after 1309 died . Edward I, also known as Longshanks or 'The Hammer of the Scots', In the absence of an obvious heir to the Scottish throne . William Sinclair (1283 - 1330) Sir William Sinclair aka St Clair Laird of Rosslyn Born 1283 in Rosslyn Castle, Midlothian, Scotland Ancestors Son of Henry (Sinclair) Sinclair VII of Roslin and Alice (Fenton) Sinclair Brother of John (St Clair) Sinclair Husband of Rosabell (Rosabelle) Sinclair married [date unknown] [location unknown] Descendants "the Crusader" Sinclair (born c.1283), Lord of Rosslyn, married Rosabelle(born c.1285, daughter of Malise II, Earl of Strathearn). 4 Full PDFs related to this paper. . Deceased (AUG. 25, 1330) - Malaga, Andalucia, Spain. . William of Roslin Sinclair of Roslin, 8th of Roslin was born in the year 1327 in Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom, son of William 'the Crusader' Sinclair of Roslin and Rosabelle. He married Rosabel Forteith STRATHEARN Another name for Henry was "The Crusader" . [3] The St Clair, later Sinclair, Earls of Rosslyn or Roslin have also been connected to Templarism in Scotland, but Mark Oxbrow and Ian Robertson in their recent book, 'Rosslyn and the Grail',[4] note that the St Clair of Rosslyn testified . 833 .He married Matilda of Orkney, daughter of Magnus V of Orkney. William Sinclair (St. Clair, Sinkler) was born on month day 1785, at birth place, Virginia. It is believed that Saladin after the Battle of Hattin and . . On 24 February 1303. Lithuanian Crusade: William Sinclair, Baron of Rosslyn and father of Prince Henry Sinclair dies in Lithuania crusading with the Teutonic Knights: 1364: Thomas St Clair, son of William Sinclair of Roslin who was killed at Teba: Ballivus in Orkney for the King of Norway: Scots Peerage (Paul) . His son and successor, Henri de St Clair (the first Sinclair to be born in Scotland) took part in, the 1st Crusade and . William 'the Conqueror' sent a great army under the command of the Duke of Gloucester to invade Scotland. Few followers of the Templar Legacy are unaware of the story of Prince Henry Sinclair; the 14th century Scottish Nobleman who was the last Earl of Orkney and a kin to the man who built the famed Rosslyn Chapel. This was the beginning of the Sinclair involvement with the Crusades and the Knights Templar.The Knights Templar were welcomed to Scotland by Robert The Bruce after the Order had been suppressed by the Pope. A child of Henry Sinclair of Roslin and Alice de Fenton Visualize another J acob Rothschild, the current head of the Rothschild dynasty, has intermarried with the Sinclair family, forging an important alliance between the head family of the Illuminati, and the supposed descendants of the Grail family.. As has been popularized recently by Dan Brown in the Da Vinci Code, or before him by the Holy Blood, Holy Grail, the Stuarts of Scotland are supposedly descended from . Pete Cumming's article (Spring 1995 Yours Aye ) says "The first of the St. Clairs came into the area during the reign of Malcolm Canmore (1057) and were granted lands of the Barony Rosline during this time. 1234 Died: 1297 Tower of London. de ROSKELYN) ; Matilda of ORKNEY Possible Children: Henry (Sir; of ROSLIN) SINCLAIR ; Annabel (of Rosslyn) SINCLAIR ; William (of Longformacus) SINCLAIR Alternative Father of Possible Children: William (Sir; of ROSLIN) SINCLAIR Poss. When Henri(The Crusader) De St Clair and his twin brother Henri were born in 1089 in Midlothian, Scotland, their father, William, was 61, and their mother, Dorothy, was 44. Excerpt: Social Security Death Index name: William Sinclair SSN: 209-07-0982 last residence: Pennsylvania born: 23 Mar 1881 (NOT. HM George I's First Cousin 13x removed, Male. Andrew Sinclair's reading of the gravemarker was that it contained Templar imagery and he concluded that Sir William had befriended the knights and become initiated into whatever secrets they may . His occupation was occupation. The Star, Monday, March 13 1871 Lyttelton Arrived March 13 - Crusader, ship, Kerr, from London - off the heads.The s.s. Mullogh was engaged to tow her in. Willielmus de . After William the Conqueror became King of England, William Sinclair grew disenchanted over the King' s aggressiveness in expanding his new kingdom. He married Rosabel Forteith in 1110 in his hometown. He was lord chancellor of Scotland and 2nd earl of Orkney of . If Hamo was born c.1099, William might have been born a few year's earlier, although other brothers and sisters might have been lost to the records. Parents. Angus Sinclair, himself the youngest son of the 1 st Viscount Thurso. These warriors were formed by Hugues de Payens, after the First Crusade in the Holy Land, offering protection to pilgrims on route to Jerusalem. Drawing on this rich history; our Gin has captured the essence of the area - bold, beautiful and bloody marvellous. 974, wife Germaine de Corbeil. William Sinclair; . Notes for William (6th Baron of Rosslyn . Rosslyn has been in the family's hands ever since. 1240, d. 1297) William (6th Baron of Rosslyn) Sinclair (son of Henry (5th Baron of Rosslyn) Sinclair and Margaret of Mar) 833 was born Abt. Sinclair 299 Generation Five William Sinclair of Roslin Died in 1358 William was a minor when his father died; and he succeeded to the pensions of his father and his Uncle John. Whereas many believe this lost treasure contains knowledge of the bloodline of Christ, William F. Mann shows that it actually consists of an ancient science developed before the Great Flood--knowledge discovered by the Templars in the Holy Land during the Crusades and still extant . William "The Crusader" SINCLAIR, Lord of Roslin (born 1283) Clan Sinclair History - 1420 - 1476 (PDF) Henry Sinclair was the son and heir of William Sinclair, Lord of Roslin, and his wife Isabella (Isobel) of Strathearn. William was succeeded by Henri de St Clair, who took part in the First Crusade and the Fall of Jerusalem in 1096. The Life Summary of Henri. Very delightful read. The last name SINCLAIR EARL ORKNEY is indexed on Geneanet. Download Download PDF. Gilbert de Lacy, Templar Precentor in Tripoli - 1160 Battle of Harim, 1164. By this marriage he had one son William and four daughters. The son of William the Seemly was Known as Sir Henry the Crusader and it was he who joined Godfrey de Boullion on the 1 st . When Alice De Fenton was born in 1260, in Fenton Barns, Haddingtonshire, Scotland, United Kingdom, her father, William De Fenton, Lord of Baikie and Beaufort, was 46 and her mother, Cicely or Cecillia Bisset Lady of Beaufort, was 23. He was killed at the Battle of Teba, Spain, (25th August 1330), together with his brother John Sinclair and Sir James Douglas, whilst en route to Jerusalem carrying the heart of Robert Bruce. A later William Sinclair of Roslin became the first Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland. 1 He was also known as Sir William St. Clair of Roslin. Sinclair, writes critic William Bloodworth, made "an unusually vigorous attempt to combine questions of food with political propaganda." His mother's temperance beliefs and his father's alcoholism made him a lifelong crusader both for Prohibition and for temperance. Sir Henry 7th Baron of Rosslyn, Commander of Knights Templar at Bannockburn Sinclair 1255-1335. Barbara E. Crawford, Lord William Sinclair and the Building of Rosslyn Collegiate Church, in John Higgett, Medieval Art and Architecture in the Diocese of St. Andrew (British Archeological Association, 1994( p 200.) . William Sinclair hit by cold snap PEAT and compost supplier William Sinclair blamed exceptionally cold weather for keeping green-fingered customers out of their frozen gardens. He is survived by a son, Dr. David Sinclair, a physicist with the Atomic Energy Commission, and a granddaughter, Diana Sinclair. (December 1, 1854 - March 6, 1937) was an American zoologist, conservationist, taxidermist, and author. Sir William /Sinclair/. . Read Paper. HRE Ferdinand I's 14-Great Uncle. 12.0 12.1 Historian Mark Oxbrow, quoted in "The ship of dreams" by Diane MaClean, Scotsman.com, 13 May 2005; Scotland 1410 - 1484. family appointed "Patron of Masonry" by Scots King James before he became King of England as well; Rosslyn Chapel in Roslin Castle near the old Templar . Once described as kind and fair by his contented subjects, William was "corrupted" by the designs of Moebius the Time Streamer, developing into a sadistic despot bent on massacring civilization with his fanatical army - the . Wives/Partners: Amicia (poss. After , when Henry St. Clair returned from the First Crusade; it's a title that translates as "ancient knowledge passed down the generations." 6 . William married Mary Abby (Polly) Sinclair (St. Clair, Sinkler) (born Gilbert) on month day 1808, at age 23 at marriage place, Ohio. Born in 1283 - Rosslyn Castle, Midlothian, Scotland. Genealogy for Henry Sinclair of Roslin, 2nd Lord of Roslin (c.1065 - 1110) family tree on Geni, with over 230 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. . She had at least 2 sons with Henri St. Claire 7th Baron of Rosslyn. Henry Sinclair and his brother, William, the Bishop of Dunkeld there as was Sir William St.Clair of Herdmanston to whom King Robert gave his sword after the battle with the inscription 'Le . William 1st Earl of Caithness 3rd Earl of Orkney Knight Templar (6) William was born in 1283, in Rosslyn Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. William passed away on month day 1358, at age 31 at death place. Henry The Crusader (11) Sir William (11) . Founder of Rosslyn Chapel. The True Cross is believed to have been hidden by the Christians in 1009 C.E. back about 13 generations to. A later William Sinclair of Roslin became the first Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland. Although Teba surrendered soon after, the Scottish crusade had suffered heavy losses, including Douglas himself and the knights William Sinclair and Robert and Walter Logan. In return, The Crusader named the spot where King Robert stood "King's Hill". . Sir William St Clair, 11th Baron of Rosslyn, 3rd Prince of Orkney. Prince Henry Sinclair was also a Grand Master of the Knights Templar, a veteran of the crusades and, according to some sources, the possessor of the Holy Grail. This was the beginning of the Sinclair involvement with the Crusades and the Knights Templar. Born: abt. Lord Admiral of Scotland, and Lord Chancellor of Scotland (1454-1456). Thank you for posting it. William was succeeded by Henri de St Clair, who took part in the First Crusade and the Fall of Jerusalem in 1096. Jerusalem: The Endless Crusade| Andrew Sinclair, Antenna Theory & Design|Robert S. Elliott, The Career Of Philosophy, Vol. Alice de Fenton 1260-1336. After the Reformation, the local presbytery tried to force William, his great grandson, to destroy the altar and all 'monumentis of idolatrie' on pain of excommunication. Diana Muir. This means that by 1060 William was already there in Midlothian Scotland. Upton Sinclair's The Jungle recognizes this conflict and addresses the outcome of it. Born: abt. ( William "The Crusader" Sinclair of Roslin) Born in 1283 - Rosslyn Castle, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. With Stephen Dafoe, David Matheson, David McClelland, Raymond O'Neill. First name William 'the Crusader'. William (6th Baron of Rosslyn) Sinclair (b. Abt. Sir William Sinclair of Roslin, younger was the son of Sir Henry Sinclair of Roslin and Alice de Fenton. King's Hill takes inspiration from a brave gamble long ago between King Robert the Bruce and Sir William 'The Crusader' Sinclair, deep in the Pentland hills overlooking our still. During fighting at the river Guadalteba in August 1330, the Scots initially routed the Moors opposing them, but were then separated from the rest of the Christian army. Hugh V de Gournay, Lord of Gournay - 1214 3 rd Crusade. Full PDF Package Download Full PDF Package. William was given the lands of Rosslyn in Midlothian in "life rent'. William Temple Hornaday, Sc.D. Rosslyn has been in the family's hands ever since. Later the lands were given in "free heritage" to his son, this branch became the "Rosslyn Barons" and it was they who built Rosslyn Chapel. This fine clipper vessel, commanded by Captain Kerr, formerly of the ship Chariot of Fame, arrived and anchored yesterday afternoon off Rhodes' Bay, after a splendid passage of 82 days.She has powder on board, and therefore could not come up . [4] Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, Lord of Roslin ( c. 1345 - c. 1400) was a Scottish and a Norwegian nobleman. This Paper. de ROSKELYN) ; Matilda of ORKNEY Possible Children: Henry (Sir; of ROSLIN) SINCLAIR ; Annabel (of Rosslyn) SINCLAIR ; William (of Longformacus) SINCLAIR Alternative Father of Possible Children: William (Sir; of ROSLIN) SINCLAIR The most enduring mystery surrounding the Templars concerns the nature and whereabouts of their great treasure. Sir William with the help of his trusty hounds, Help and Hold, won the bet. William de Saint Clair William de Saint Clair was possibly the eldest of the two Saint Clair brothers. After SNP testing he is showing positive for P310. William was granted Rosslyn "in life-rent" by the King in 1057. Lo, Normandy, France and died in 1070 in Scotland Border War. 2 He died on 25 August 1330, killed with his brother on their way to the East with the heart of king Robert I. 3 William Sinclair of Roslin was born circa 1327, at birth place, to William the Crusader Saint Clair. Richard I, "the Fearless" d. 996 or Richard II "the Good" d. 1026. Print Family Tree. The King staked his Pentland estate against the life of Sir William that he would be . Permalink. When Henri St. Claire 7th Baron of Rosslyn was born in 1255, in Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, his father, Sir William St. Clair 6th Baron of Roslin, was 25 and his mother, Amicia de Roskelyn heir of Roslin, was 18. Succeeded 1420, died 1484. William was succeeded by Henri de St Clair, who took part in the First Crusade and the Fall of Jerusalem in 1096. Our old clan name was spelled originally Malet William Malet my grandad in 1066 fought side by side with the Duke of Normandy during the battel of Hastings and was put in charge of the slain kings body and castle until the Duke returned to claim his kindship. Wives/Partners: Amicia (poss. He had a Charter from King David II of the lands of Morton and Merchamyston in Midlothian, on the resignation of William Bisset on February 10, 1357/58.